Organic Chemistry BasicsHESI A2 cheat sheet

Carbon compounds

8 key facts 2 practice questions Reviewed Oct 2026

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Why Carbon

Forms four stable covalent bonds
Chains, branches and rings — the backbone of biomolecules

Hydrocarbons

Alkanes single bonds
alkenes one double
alkynes triple

Functional Groups

-OH hydroxyl (alcohol) · -COOH carboxyl (acid)
-NH₂ amino · C=O carbonyl

Biomolecules

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids are all organic

Key takeaway

Carbon compounds

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Question 1 of 2

Which particle has essentially no mass and a negative charge?

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