10 anatomy pairs students swap under time pressure

Every one of these is two structures that differ by one letter or one job — and the exam knows it.

Anatomy & Physiology is 18 of the 44 scored Science questions, the largest single block on the TEAS. Most lost marks here are not gaps in knowledge; they are two names that live next to each other in memory and come out in the wrong order under a clock.

1 afferent / efferentafferent arrives, efferent exits. True for arterioles at the glomerulus and for neurons.

2 liver / gallbladderthe liver makes bile; the gallbladder only stores it.

3 hemoglobin / myoglobinhemoglobin carries oxygen in blood; myoglobin holds it in muscle.

4 mitosis / meiosismitosis gives two identical diploid cells; meiosis gives four haploid ones.

5 artery / veinarteries leave the heart, veins arrive at it — regardless of which gas they carry.

6 systole / diastolesystole contracts and ejects; diastole relaxes and fills.

7 inhalation / exhalationquiet inhalation is muscular; quiet exhalation is passive elastic recoil.

8 PTH / calcitoninparathyroid hormone raises serum calcium; calcitonin tones it down.

9 insulin / glucagoninsulin moves glucose into cells; glucagon releases it from the liver.

10 tendon / ligamenttendon joins muscle to bone; ligament joins bone to bone.

Learn them as pairs, never singly. The exam almost never shows you one without the other nearby.

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