6 cell structures and the one job each is tested on

The exam does not want a description. It wants the single function it can write a distractor against.

Biology is 9 of the 44 scored Science questions. Cell structure appears in nearly every form of it, and almost always as “which structure does X”.

1 nucleusholds DNA and directs the cell. Not where energy is made — that distractor is standard.

2 mitochondrionmakes ATP by cellular respiration. The “powerhouse”, and the answer whenever energy is in the stem.

3 ribosomebuilds proteins. Free in cytoplasm or studded on rough ER.

4 rough ERtransports the proteins ribosomes make. Rough because of those ribosomes.

5 Golgi apparatuspackages and ships. If the stem says modify, sort or export, this is it.

6 cell membranecontrols what enters and leaves — selectively permeable. The cell wall is plants and bacteria only.

Six structures, one verb each: directs, powers, builds, transports, packages, controls.

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