15 free questions from the CinnaEntry HESI A2 anatomy and physiology bank (280 in the app). Tap an answer to check it. The rationale opens right away.
The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to supply the body with:
Answer: B. Oxygen
The lungs take in oxygen and the blood transports it to the body's cells.
The frontal lobe of the brain is mainly responsible for:
Answer: B. Thinking, planning, and decision-making
The frontal lobe handles higher functions like reasoning, planning, and voluntary movement.
The pigment that gives skin its color and helps protect against UV light is:
Answer: B. Melanin
Melanin, produced in the epidermis, gives skin color and absorbs harmful UV radiation.
The skeletal system stores which mineral important for strong bones?
Answer: B. Calcium
Bones store calcium (and phosphorus), releasing it into the blood as the body needs it.
The hormone that helps regulate sleep, secreted by the pineal gland, is:
Answer: B. Melatonin
Melatonin from the pineal gland helps regulate the sleep–wake cycle.
Which gland is called the 'master gland' because it regulates other endocrine glands?
Answer: A. Pituitary gland
The anterior pituitary secretes tropic hormones (TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH) that direct other glands. It is itself directed by the hypothalamus.
The body's first physical barrier against most pathogens is the:
Answer: B. Skin
Intact skin is the body's first line of defense, blocking pathogens from entering.
Which valve prevents backflow from the left ventricle into the left atrium?
Answer: A. Mitral (bicuspid) valve
The mitral (bicuspid) valve sits between the left atrium and left ventricle. The tricuspid does the same job on the right side; the aortic and pulmonic are the semilunar outflow valves.
Which gland regulates blood calcium by raising it when levels fall?
Answer: A. Parathyroid gland
Parathyroid hormone raises calcium; calcitonin (from the thyroid) lowers it. The two work as opposites.
Which vessel type is the site of gas and nutrient exchange?
Answer: A. Capillaries
Capillaries have walls one cell thick, which is what allows oxygen, nutrients and wastes to diffuse across. Arteries and veins transport blood but do not exchange across their walls.
During pregnancy, the fetus receives nutrients from the mother through the:
Answer: A. Umbilical cord
The umbilical cord connects the fetus to the placenta, delivering nutrients and oxygen.
The smallest bone in the human body, located in the ear, is the:
Answer: B. Stapes
The stapes (stirrup) in the middle ear is the smallest bone in the body.
Which nutrient is most important for building and repairing muscle after exercise?
Answer: B. Protein
Protein provides amino acids used to build and repair muscle tissue.
After a meal, the pancreas releases ____ to lower blood sugar.
Answer: B. Insulin
Insulin lowers blood glucose after eating; glucagon raises it when levels drop.
Which best describes the relationship 'cells → tissues → organs → organ systems'?
Answer: B. Levels of organization from smallest to largest
This is the biological hierarchy of organization, moving from the smallest unit (cells) to the largest (organ systems).
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