Blood Vessels & PressureHESI A2 cheat sheet

Arteries, veins, capillaries

8 key facts 5 practice questions Reviewed Oct 2026

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Structure

Arteries — thick muscular walls, carry blood away, no valves
Veins — thinner, valves prevent backflow, rely on muscle pumping
Capillaries — one cell thick, site of exchange

Pressure

Systolic — pressure during ventricular contraction
Diastolic — pressure while the heart fills
Normal adult ≈ 120/80 mmHg

Resistance

Vasoconstriction raises pressure; vasodilation lowers it

Flow Order

Artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → vein

Key takeaway

Arteries, veins, capillaries

Before you read

Test yourself first: 5 questions

Question 1 of 5

In a blood-pressure reading, the top number represents ____ pressure.

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