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HESI Anatomy & PhysiologyHow bone builds and heals

Bone Growth & RepairHESI A2 cheat sheet

How bone builds and heals

8 key facts 5 practice questions Reviewed Oct 2026
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Cells

  • Osteoblasts build bone
  • Osteoclasts break it down
  • Osteocytes are mature, maintaining cells

Growth

  • Length increases at the epiphyseal (growth) plate
  • It closes in early adulthood, ending height growth

Remodeling

  • Bone is continuously replaced; weight-bearing stimulates density

Healing

  • Hematoma → soft callus → hard callus → remodeling
  • Needs calcium, vitamin D and protein
Key takeaway

How bone builds and heals

Before you read

Test yourself first: 5 questions

Question 1 of 5

Growth hormone is released by the:

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